This suggested that the largest audience of closed captioning comprises people who are in ESL communities. ![]() In the United States, the National Captioning Institute noted that 'English as a Second-language' (ESL) learners were the largest group buying decoders in the late 1980s and early 1990s before built-in decoders became a standard feature of U.S. The United Kingdom and Ireland do not always make the distinction between subtitles and closed captions, where "subtitles" is a general term. "Captions" aim to describe all significant audio content, as well as "non-speech information," such as the identity of speakers and their manner of speaking, sometimes also describing music or sound effects using words or symbols within the closed caption. In these countries, "subtitles" assume the viewer can hear but cannot understand the language, so they only translate dialogue and some onscreen text. The United States and Canada distinguish captions from subtitles. This distinguishes from "open captions," where all viewers see the captions, calling permanently visible captions in a video, film, or other medium "open", "burned-in", or "hardcoded" captions. The term "closed" in closed captioning means that not all viewers see the captions-only those who decode or activate them. As the video plays, text captions are displayed that transcribe, although not always verbatim, speech and other relevant sounds. ![]() All text is available under the terms of theĪ commonly-used symbol indicating that a program or movie is closed-captioned.Ĭlosed captioning (CC) (known as Subtitles in the United Kingdom) allows people who are deaf and hard of hearing, learning a new language, beginning readers, in a noisy environment, or otherwise to read a transcript or dialog of the audio portion of a video, film, or other presentation.
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